Smallholder fish pond farmers in Luwingu, Northern Province, Zambia Zambia has big potential for fish farming with 37% of its surface area suitable for artisanal and 43% suitable for commercial fish production. Aquaculture is the rearing of aquatic organisms in an enclosed water body under controlled conditions . Aquatic organisms may be plant life such as phytoplankton, lilies, and other forms of algae or animal life such as fish, crocodiles , oysters etc. Controlled conditions include physio-chemical water parameters (dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, phosphorous, etc.), water level, as well as feed. The basic idea here is to imitate what is prevailing in the natural waters so as to achieve optimum yields. Aquaculture is in its infant stage of development compared to agriculture. Fish farming in Zambia dates back to the 1950s when the first attempts were made to raise indigenous species of the cichlidae family, mainly tilapias, in dams and earthen fish ponds. A number of do
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